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Pepi III
Seneferankhre Pepi III may have been a pharaoh〔Darrell D. Baker: ''The Encyclopedia of the Egyptian Pharaohs'', ''Volume I: Predynastic to the Twentieth Dynasty (3300-1069 BC)'', Bannerstone Press, London 2008, ISBN 978-1-905299-37-9, p. 291–292, → Pepi.〕 of the Sixteenth dynasty of Egypt during the Second Intermediate Period. According to Wolfgang Helck he was the fifth pharaoh of the dynasty.〔Wolfgang Helck, Eberhard Otto, Wolfhart Westendorf, Stele - Zypresse: Volume 6 of Lexikon der Ägyptologie, Otto Harrassowitz Verlag, 1986, Page 1383〕 Alternatively, according to Jürgen von Beckerath, he was the thirteenth pharaoh of the dynasty.〔Jürgen von Beckerath: ''Untersuchungen zur politischen Geschichte der Zweiten Zwischenzeit in Ägypten'', Glückstadt, 1964.〕〔Jürgen von Beckerath: ''Chronologie des pharaonischen Ägyptens'', Münchner Ägyptologische Studien 46. Mainz am Rhein, 1997.〕 Because his position in the 16th dynasty is highly uncertain, it is not clear who were his predecessor and successor. Seneferankhre Pepy III is only attested by a scarab-shaped seal bearing his name. Egyptologist Kim Ryholt contests the seal as evidence that Pepi was a king of the 16th dynasty, positing that the seal does not date to the second intermediate period (SIP). According to Ryholt: "''the size and design (prenomen + nomen without cartouche or royal titulary/epithets) of this seal is unparalleled during the SIP. Also the style of the signs is quite dissimilar to SIP seals.''" Instead, Ryholt proposes that the seal of Seneferankhre Pepy III be dated to the First Intermediate Period, noting however that this is a very early date for a scarab seal.〔K.S.B. Ryholt: ''The Political Situation in Egypt during the Second Intermediate Period c. 1800-1550 B.C'', pp. 324 & 335, Carsten Niebuhr Institute Publications 20., Copenhagen, 1997, ISBN 8772894210.〕 == References ==
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